1
From: "Human Potential & Development."
Split Justification: Development fundamentally involves both our inner landscape (**Internal World**) and our interaction with everything outside us (**External World**). (Ref: Subject-Object Distinction)..
2
From: "Internal World (The Self)"
Split Justification: The Internal World involves both mental processes (**Cognitive Sphere**) and physical experiences (**Somatic Sphere**). (Ref: Mind-Body Distinction)
3
From: "Cognitive Sphere"
Split Justification: Cognition operates via deliberate, logical steps (**Analytical Processing**) and faster, intuitive pattern-matching (**Intuitive/Associative Processing**). (Ref: Dual Process Theory)
4
From: "Analytical Processing"
Split Justification: Analytical thought engages distinct symbolic systems: abstract logic and mathematics (**Quantitative/Logical Reasoning**) versus structured language (**Linguistic/Verbal Reasoning**).
5
From: "Linguistic/Verbal Reasoning"
Split Justification: This dichotomy separates the receptive aspects of linguistic reasoning, involving the understanding and interpretation of spoken or written language, from the expressive aspects, which involve the formulation and production of spoken or written language. These are distinct, fundamental processes that together encompass all facets of verbal reasoning.
6
From: "Verbal Expression"
Split Justification: This dichotomy separates the construction of logically sound arguments (Structuring an Argument) from the use of stylistic and persuasive language to influence an audience (Rhetorical Technique).
7
From: "Structuring an Argument"
Split Justification: An argument's structure can be based on reasoning from general principles to a guaranteed specific conclusion (Deductive Structuring) or from specific observations to a probable generalization (Inductive Structuring).
8
From: "Inductive Structuring"
Split Justification: This dichotomy differentiates between structuring an argument to derive a broad, often universal, principle or law from specific instances (Universal Generalization) versus structuring an argument to conclude a specific fact, cause, or prediction about a particular event or state based on accumulated evidence (Particular Inference). These represent the two distinct types of conclusions and argument structures within inductive reasoning.
9
From: "Particular Inference"
Split Justification: This dichotomy separates two fundamental methods of inductive particular inference: deriving a conclusion for a specific instance based on observed similarities with another specific instance (analogy), versus applying a broader pattern or rule, generalized from multiple observations, to a specific instance.
10
From: "Analogical Inference"
Split Justification: This dichotomy distinguishes between analogical inferences that primarily rely on shared, observable attributes or features (surface similarities) and those that depend on shared relational structures or principles (structural similarities). This distinction is fundamental to the cognitive mechanisms underlying analogy, influencing the depth, validity, and robustness of the inference.
11
From: "Inference Based on Structural Similarities"
Split Justification: Structural similarities, which form the basis of the inference, can fundamentally stem from either tangible, observable, physical arrangements (concrete) or from conceptual, logical, and non-physical constructs (abstract). This dichotomy provides a comprehensive and mutually exclusive division of all possible types of structures from which inferences can be drawn.
12
From: "Inference from Concrete Structural Similarities"
Split Justification: Concrete structural similarities, from which inferences can be drawn, fundamentally dichotomize into those that pertain to fixed, unchanging arrangements or configurations (static) versus those that describe observable processes, interactions, or changes over time within a concrete system (dynamic). This distinction covers all forms of tangible structural resemblances.
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Topic: "Inference from Dynamic Concrete Structures" (W6871)