1
From: "Human Potential & Development."
Split Justification: Development fundamentally involves both our inner landscape (**Internal World**) and our interaction with everything outside us (**External World**). (Ref: Subject-Object Distinction)..
2
From: "Internal World (The Self)"
Split Justification: The Internal World involves both mental processes (**Cognitive Sphere**) and physical experiences (**Somatic Sphere**). (Ref: Mind-Body Distinction)
3
From: "Cognitive Sphere"
Split Justification: Cognition operates via deliberate, logical steps (**Analytical Processing**) and faster, intuitive pattern-matching (**Intuitive/Associative Processing**). (Ref: Dual Process Theory)
4
From: "Analytical Processing"
Split Justification: Analytical thought engages distinct symbolic systems: abstract logic and mathematics (**Quantitative/Logical Reasoning**) versus structured language (**Linguistic/Verbal Reasoning**).
5
From: "Quantitative/Logical Reasoning"
Split Justification: Logical reasoning can be strictly formal following rules of inference (**Deductive Proof**) or drawing general conclusions from specific examples (**Inductive Reasoning Case Study**). (L5 Split)
6
From: "Deductive Proof."
Split Justification: Deductive systems can be analyzed based on the relationship between whole statements (**Propositional Logic**) or the properties of objects and their relations (**Predicate Logic**). (L6 Split)
7
From: "Propositional Logic"
Split Justification: Propositional logic involves determining the validity of arguments (**Truth Table Construction**) and applying rules of inference (**Using Modus Ponens/Tollens**).
8
From: "Using Modus Ponens/Tollens"
Split Justification: The parent node explicitly refers to two distinct forms of deductive inference. This split separates the application of Modus Ponens (affirming the antecedent) from the application of Modus Tollens (denying the consequent), which are the two fundamental and mutually exclusive inferential mechanisms described by the parent concept. Together, they comprehensively cover the scope of the parent node.
9
From: "Using Modus Ponens"
Split Justification: This dichotomy separates the analytical task of assessing existing arguments that utilize Modus Ponens (evaluating their validity or correctness) from the synthetic task of actively employing Modus Ponens as a rule of inference to construct new valid deductions or derive new conclusions.
10
From: "Evaluating Modus Ponens Inferences"
Split Justification: Evaluating a Modus Ponens inference fundamentally involves two distinct processes: first, verifying that the argument's form correctly adheres to the Modus Ponens structure (which inherently implies its validity); and second, assessing the factual or contextual truth of the specific premises within that structure. These two aspects comprehensively cover the evaluation of soundness in a deductive argument.
11
From: "Confirmation of Modus Ponens Structure"
Split Justification: Confirmation of a logical inference structure, such as Modus Ponens, can be analyzed by verifying its adherence to predefined symbolic arrangements and rules (syntactic form) or by demonstrating its inherent ability to reliably transmit truth from premises to conclusion across all possible interpretations (semantic truth-preservation). These two aspects represent fundamental, distinct, and exhaustive ways to confirm the validity of a logical structure.
12
From: "Confirmation of Modus Ponens' Semantic Truth-Preservation"
Split Justification: Confirmation of Modus Ponens' semantic truth-preservation can be established through two primary, distinct methods: by exhaustively examining all possible truth assignments of the propositions involved (truth-table analysis), or by constructing a logical argument that deduces its truth-preserving nature directly from the semantic definition of material implication and the truth of the premises. These represent direct enumeration of cases versus logical derivation from definitions.
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Topic: "Confirmation through Deductive Argumentation from Semantic Principles" (W7231)