1
From: "Human Potential & Development."
Split Justification: Development fundamentally involves both our inner landscape (**Internal World**) and our interaction with everything outside us (**External World**). (Ref: Subject-Object Distinction)..
2
From: "Internal World (The Self)"
Split Justification: The Internal World involves both mental processes (**Cognitive Sphere**) and physical experiences (**Somatic Sphere**). (Ref: Mind-Body Distinction)
3
From: "Somatic Sphere"
Split Justification: The Somatic Sphere encompasses all physical aspects of the self. These can be fundamentally divided based on whether they are directly accessible to conscious awareness and subjective experience (e.g., pain, touch, proprioception) or whether they operate autonomously and beneath the threshold of conscious perception (e.g., heart rate, digestion, cellular metabolism). Every bodily sensation, state, or process falls into one of these two categories, making them mutually exclusive and comprehensively exhaustive.
4
From: "Autonomic & Unconscious Somatic Processes"
Split Justification: ** All unconscious somatic processes are fundamentally regulated through either the dedicated neural pathways of the autonomic nervous system or through the intrinsic, self-regulating mechanisms of other physiological systems (e.g., endocrine, immune, cellular, local tissue systems). These two categories comprehensively cover all autonomous and unconscious bodily functions and are mutually exclusive in their primary regulatory mechanism.
5
From: "Non-Neural Autonomous Physiological Processes"
Split Justification: Non-neural autonomous physiological processes can be fundamentally divided based on the scale and transport mechanism of their primary regulatory signals. One category encompasses regulation achieved through chemical messengers (such as hormones, circulating cytokines, or antibodies) that are transported via body fluids (blood, lymph, interstitial fluid) to exert widespread or distant effects throughout the organism. The other category comprises processes that are intrinsic to the cell or local tissue itself, relying on internal cellular mechanisms (e.g., metabolism, gene expression), direct physical or chemical responses within the immediate tissue environment, or paracrine/autocrine signaling confined to the immediate vicinity, without requiring systemic transport for their primary regulatory action. These two categories are mutually exclusive, as a regulatory mechanism either relies on systemic transport for its primary action or it does not, and together they comprehensively cover all non-neural autonomous physiological processes.
6
From: "Systemic Humoral Regulation"
Split Justification: Systemic humoral regulation is fundamentally mediated by either hormones, which are chemical messengers predominantly secreted by endocrine glands to regulate diverse physiological processes like metabolism, growth, and reproduction; or by immune factors (such as cytokines and antibodies), which are chemical messengers primarily produced by immune cells to coordinate defense, inflammation, and immune surveillance. These two categories represent distinct yet comprehensive regulatory systems, ensuring that all systemic, non-neural chemical signaling is covered, with their primary origins and functional domains being mutually exclusive.
7
From: "Endocrine Hormonal Regulation"
Split Justification: Endocrine hormonal regulation fundamentally serves one of two overarching purposes: either to maintain the internal physiological environment within a stable dynamic range and enable acute adaptations to immediate conditions (homeostatic maintenance), or to drive the orchestrated, often irreversible, changes associated with growth, development, sexual maturation, and reproduction throughout the organism's life cycle (developmental and reproductive progression). These two categories represent distinct and comprehensively exhaustive goals for all endocrine signaling, with any specific regulatory process falling primarily into one domain, ensuring mutual exclusivity.
8
From: "Hormonal Regulation for Homeostatic Maintenance"
Split Justification: ** All endocrine hormonal regulation for homeostatic maintenance can be fundamentally divided based on whether its primary purpose is to manage the body's energy substrates and nutrient levels (e.g., glucose, fat, protein metabolism), or if its primary role is to maintain the body's fluid volume, mineral composition, acid-base balance, and orchestrate systemic responses to physiological stressors. These two categories are mutually exclusive, as a hormone's dominant homeostatic function falls primarily into one domain, and together they comprehensively cover all aspects of acute and dynamic homeostatic regulation performed by the endocrine system.
9
From: "Hormonal Regulation of Fluid, Electrolyte, pH, and Stress Response"
Split Justification: All endocrine hormonal regulation for fluid, electrolyte, pH, and stress response can be fundamentally divided based on whether its primary function is to orchestrate the body's general adaptive response to perceived threats and challenges, leading to widespread physiological adjustments (systemic stress adaptation), or if its primary role is to precisely maintain the dynamic equilibrium of specific internal parameters such as water volume, mineral concentrations, and acid-base balance within physiological limits. These two categories are mutually exclusive, as a hormone's dominant regulatory function falls primarily into one domain, and together they comprehensively cover all aspects of this node.
10
From: "Hormonal Regulation of Internal Fluid, Electrolyte, and Acid-Base Balance"
Split Justification: ** All endocrine hormonal regulation for internal fluid, electrolyte, and acid-base balance can be fundamentally divided based on whether its primary purpose is to maintain the body's overall water content and the concentration of its most abundant extracellular cation, sodium, which together are the chief determinants of extracellular fluid volume and osmolarity; or if its primary role is to regulate the specific concentrations of other vital electrolytes (e.g., potassium, calcium, phosphate, magnesium, chloride) and maintain the delicate acid-base balance (pH) of the internal environment. These two categories are mutually exclusive, as a homeostatic regulatory function is either focused on the bulk management of water and sodium or on the precise fine-tuning of other specific ions and pH, and together they comprehensively cover all aspects of this node.
11
From: "Hormonal Regulation of Water and Sodium Balance"
Split Justification: All endocrine hormonal regulation of water and sodium balance fundamentally serves one of two primary purposes: either to control the overall volume of extracellular fluid, which is largely determined by the total amount of sodium in the body and directly impacts circulating blood volume and pressure; or to maintain the precise concentration of solutes within the body fluids (plasma osmolarity) by regulating water movement across cell membranes. These two categories are mutually exclusive, as a hormone's dominant regulatory function is primarily focused on either the quantity or the concentration aspect, and together they comprehensively cover all aspects of water and sodium homeostasis.
12
From: "Hormonal Regulation of Plasma Osmolarity and Water Concentration"
Split Justification: All endocrine hormonal regulation for plasma osmolarity and water concentration fundamentally responds to one of two primary conditions: either an increase in plasma osmolarity (signaling a relative water deficit) or a decrease in plasma osmolarity (signaling a relative water excess). These two conditions represent the only possible deviations from the homeostatic set point for osmolarity, and the specific hormonal mechanisms are distinctly activated to correct each particular imbalance. Thus, these categories are mutually exclusive, as the body cannot simultaneously experience both elevated and decreased osmolarity, and together they comprehensively cover all aspects of hormonal osmolarity regulation.
✓
Topic: "Hormonal Regulation of Decreased Plasma Osmolarity (Water Excess)" (W7565)